Stability, strong stability, but also decompose at high temperatures to produce sodium oxide and carbon dioxide. Long-term exposure to air can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide in the air to produce sodium bicarbonate, and form lumps. Hygroscopicity strong, it is easy to form a lump, do not decompose at high temperatures. Containing crystal water are three kinds of sodium carbonate: Na2CO3 · H2O, Na2CO3 · 7H2O and Na2CO3 · 10H2O soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, not soluble in alcohol.
Sodium carbonate soluble in water, is an alkali salt, soluble in water after the hydrolysis reaction, so that significant alkaline solution, there is a certain degree of corrosion, can be carried out in and reaction with acid to produce the corresponding salt, and release carbon dioxide.